General Introduction

Infertility is a health problem defined as failure to conceive despite unprotected intercourse for a year. There are many health problems that can prevent pregnancy.


These problems can occur in both men and women. Eighty percent of health problems that can lead to infertility are treatable in today’s technology.


Infertility is seen in twenty of every hundred couples. Conditions such as stress, late marriage, genetic problems, air pollution, increased health problems and unhealthy habits like smoking increase the risk of infertility.


Older age also increases the risk of infertility. Infertility may be caused by a single reason, as well as various reasons. Having a baby is a very complicated process. All steps must be completed successfully.


To have a baby:


The expectant mother should have healthy egg production.


On the other hand, the male should have quality sperm production.


The fallopian tubes helping the sperm reach the egg must be healthy.


The sperm must be able to fertilize the egg.


The fertilized eggs must be healthy enough to hold in the womb.


High-quality embryos are necessary for the establishment of pregnancy.


Any health problem occurring during these steps will prevent pregnancy. In this case, individuals should opt for infertility treatment methods.


What are the Causes of Infertility in Women?


Causes of infertility in women are as follows:


Ovulation problems


Congenital anatomical problems


Infections and intra-abdominal surgeries


Immune system problems


Decreased fertility with advancing age


Early menopause


Polycystic Ovary Syndrome


Uterine fibroids


Adhesions in the abdomen and fallopian tubes


Tubal damage or blockage


Irregular menstrual cycles


Excessive smoking, alcohol and caffeine use


Obesity


Thyroid Problems


Cancer Treatments


High prolactin levels


What are the Causes of Men Infertility?


The causes of male infertility are as follows:


Problems in sperm production


Decrease in sperm movement


Abnormal sperm function


No sperm count in the semen (Azoospermia)


Varicocele (dilation of the testicular vessels)


Channel obstruction


Hormonal disorders and genetic diseases


Abnormal sperm shape (morphology)


Congenital anatomical problems (undescended testicle etc.)


Immune system problems


Diabetes


Sexual dysfunction (such as erectile disorders and premature ejaculation)


Infections


Some febrile illnesses in childhood and adolescence


Previous cancer treatment


Stress


Use of Drugs


Excessive smoking, alcohol and caffeine use


What is Infertility Treatment?


The patient receives an individualized fertility treatment. Health problems preventing pregnancy should be investigated for both men and women. It is important to diagnose the problems correctly and implement the correct and successful treatment. Therefore, infertility treatment should be applied individually.


IVF, vaccination or surgical methods can be used for treatment. However, the treatment process is determined based on current health problems. IVF is the most popular and successful treatment method in infertility treatment.


However, which method is most suitable for the couple is decided based on infertility tests and the characteristics of the couple (how long they have waited for pregnancy, genetic characteristics, age, etc.).


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